Effort to trace 'conflict minerals' in electronics
by Martin LaMonica
Hewlett-Packard's efforts to be more socially and environmentally sustainable have taken it to an unexpected--and uncomfortable--place: the war-ravaged Democratic Republic of Congo.
Concerned that purchases of metals could be financing armed conflict in the West African country, HP and a handful of other companies are turning their attention to its suppliers of metals, including tin, gold, tantalum, and tungsten, which are used in everyday computing products and mobile phones.
At HP, it's an extension of an initiative that started over a decade ago to ensure that supply chain partners adhere to certain environmental and social standards. The near-term objective is to not purchase metals tied to armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, but there's a longer-term goal of certifying the source for minerals of all kinds, according to Zoe McMahon, HP's manager of supply chain social and environmental responsibility.
Proceeds from illegal mining operations, which are controlled by military factions, are helping fuel a complex conflict that crosses between the Democratic Republic of Congo and neighboring Rwanda.
HP felt pressure to act from outside groups, including enterprise customers, investors, and non-government groups pushing for more transparency of suppliers in the IT industry. In its investigation, HP decided to focus primarily on the source of tantalum because it is used far more than other metals, specifically in capacitors.
An initial review done a few years ago indicated that HP's metals purchases were not directly linked to the mines in question, and thus not directly contributing to the violence. But as the violence escalated, HP looked further and the picture became somewhat hazy.
Because our suppliers are not using material from the DRC, that gave us some comfort. But to this day, there is still no certification mechanism that can assure us wholeheartedly that they are not sourced from the DRC," said McMahon. "Once metals are with smelters, it's difficult to know where the material comes from."
The push toward "traceability" in the metals extraction is an outgrowth of HP's practices of auditing its supply chain partners to make sure they do not contribute to human rights and environmental violations, said McMahon. By auditing its suppliers, HP reduces its chances of bad publicity or seeks to avoid other business risks. Other IT-related companies that have worked on the DRC conflict minerals issue include Intel, Motorola, Dell, and Philips, she added.
At this point, local groups don't advocate that metals purchasers stop buying from Africa or the DRC. On the contrary, the goal is to establish a "clean stream" of metals and promote environmentally and socially responsible mining practices there, said McMahon.
Rooting out the sources of tantalum
Within the overall IT industry, there have been a number of efforts to lighten the environmental footprint of computing, with the most visible being development of more energy-efficient computers.
Also, as awareness over the impact of exported electronic waste has grown, there have been efforts to certify recyclers. State regulations have also led to an increase in local electronics recycling options
Funding to create maps and audit different facilities relies in large part on U.S. government funding, which is uncertain even though there are conflict minerals bills under consideration and there has been diplomatic pressure on this issue in Africa.
There are, however, some efforts that could serve as a template for IT industry-specific certifications, said McMahon.
Next month, representatives from the tantalum supply chain industry will meet with EICC members in an effort to create a sourcing certification to be applied in the DRC.
The hope is that the electronics industry can pressure other industries, such as aerospace, jewelry, and automotive, to pursue certification, said McMahon.
"We have some gaps in our understanding of our products and we want to continue filling gaps (from suppliers)," she said. "Who isn't in the room [discussing the issue] are the traders in the DRC, that's the hard part.
In pulling together all parts of the tantalum supply chain, it's been evident that greater action is needed."
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Hundreds protest violence in Mexican border city
CIUDAD JUAREZ, Mexico (AP) -
Hundreds of people marched Saturday against the drug gang violence besieging Mexican border city of Ciudad Juarez, gathering at a bridge where they simulated the massacre of a group of teenagers last month.
Police, meanwhile, found the bullet-ridden bodies of five men in a town in the southwestern corner of Chihuahua state. And a decapitated body was found dumped beside the highway leading into the Pacific resort city of Acapulco.
The protesters marched to a border bridge in Ciudad Juarez, where they dropped to the ground as masked people dressed in black arrived at the scene, pretending to be the gunmen who killed 15 people in a working-class neighborhood on Jan. 30.
Many of those killed were teenagers with no known ties to drug gangs. Police have arrested two suspects who told authorities they were targeting members of a rival cartel, but investigators say the killers may have been acting on mistaken information.
The attack stoked anger against the government of President Felipe Calderon, whose deployment of thousands of troops to Ciudad Juarez has done little to stop vicious fighting between gangs battling for drug dealing turf and lucrative trafficking routes north.
The bloodshed has made the city of 1.3 million, which lies across the border from El Paso, Texas, one of the world's deadliest. More than 2,600 people were killed last year.
Calderon fueled the outrage when he initially said the Jan. 30 massacre was the result of a fight between rival drug gangs. He apologized during a visit Thursday to Ciudad Juarez, where he met with relatives of the victims and pledged to spend more on social programs in the city.
The protesters made clear they had not forgiven him.
``President Felipe Calderon should also resign,'' said Luz Maria Davila, whose two sons were killed the massacre. ``We want peace in Ciudad Juarez because all of those kids were students and they weren't gangsters like people said.''
In the town of Guadalupe and Calvo, which lies in the opposite corner of Chihuahua state from Ciudad Juarez, the bodies of five men were found dumped on a dirt road. A state prosecutors' report said the five men had missing since Feb. 6. The men were identified and sent back to their hometown of Lajita de Palmira, but the motive for their killings was not known.
Police in the southwestern state of Guerrero had not identified the decapitated man, who found at midday on the side of the highway connecting Mexico City to Acapulco. The body was found at inside a nylon bag with his feet and hands bound.
02/13/10 18:14 © Copyright The Associated Press. All rights reserved
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